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.. include:: ../../common.defs

.. highlight:: cpp
.. default-domain:: cpp

.. _cripts-matchers:

Matchers
********

Cripts supports most common comparisons, ``==``, ``!=``, etc. for many of the
strings and variables that it provides. However, this is sometimes not adequate
for all use cases, so Cripts provides a way to define custom matchers. There are
currently three types of matchers:

===================================   ====================================================================
Matcher                               Description
===================================   ====================================================================
``cripts::Matcher::Range``            Matching IP addresses against one or many IP ranges.
``cripts::Matcher::PCRE``             Matching strings against one or many regular expressions.
``cripts::Matcher::List::Method``     Match a request method against a list of methods.
===================================   ====================================================================

Often you will declare these ranges once, and then use them over and over again. For this purpose,
Cripts allows ranges to be declared ``static``, which means it can optimize the code around the matches.

Here's an example using the regular expression matcher:

.. code-block:: cpp

   do_remap()
   {
     static cripts::Matcher::PCRE pcre({"^/([^/]+)/(.*)$", "^(.*)$"}); // Nonsensical ...

     borrow url = cripts::Client::URL::Get();

     if (pcre.Match(url.path)) {
       // Do something with the match
     }
   }

.. note::

   For the IP-range and regular expression matcher, you can specify a single range or regular expression,
   it does not have to be declared as a list with the ``{}`` syntax. For both, the single or list arguments
   are strings within ``""``.

.. _cripts-matchers-functions:

Matcher Functions
=================

All matchers have the following functions:

============================   ====================================================================
Function                       Description
============================   ====================================================================
``Match()``                    Match the given string against the matcher.
``Contains()``                 Another name for ``Match()``
``Add()``                      Add another element to the matcher (can not be used with ``static``)
============================   ====================================================================

.. _cripts-matchers-pcre:

Matcher::PCRE
=============

The PCRE matcher is used to match strings against one or many regular expressions. When a match
is found, a ``cripts::Matcher::PCRE::Result`` object is returned. This object has the following functions
to deal with the matched results and the capture groups:

============================   ====================================================================
Function                       Description
============================   ====================================================================
``Matched()``                  A boolean indicating if a regex was matched.
``Count()``                    Returns the number of regex capture groups that are matched.
``MatchIX()``                  Returns the index of the matched regex capture group.
[] Index                       Retrieves the matched string for the given capture group index.
============================   ====================================================================

Lets show an example:

.. code-block:: cpp

   do_remap()
   {
     static cripts::Matcher::PCRE allow({"^([a-c][^/]*)/?(.*)", "^([g-h][^/]*)/?(.*)"});

     borrow url = cripts::Client::URL::Get();

     auto res = allow.Match(url.path);

     if (res.Matched()) {
       CDebug("Matched: {}", res[1]);
       CDebug("Matched: {}", res[2]);
       // Now do something with these URLs matching these paths
     }
   }